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To isolate and identify desire gene of interest.Used for paternity testing, criminal identification, victim identification.

DNA finger printing is an example of southern blotting.Southern blotting technique is used to detect DNA in given sample.The membrane bound DNA labelled with probe can be visualized under autoradiogram which give pattern of bands.The probe bind with complementary DNA on the membrane since all other non-specific binding site on the membrane has been blocked by BSA or casein.The labelled probe contains the complementary sequences to the gene of interest.The DNA bound to membrane is then treated with labelled probe.Denaturation: Treating with HCl and NaOH.Gel electrophoresis: SDS gel electrophoresis.Restriction digest: by RE enzyme and amplification by PCR.The probes are labeled with a marker so that they can be detected after hybridization. A hybridization probe is a short (100-500bp), single stranded DNA.Separated DNA fragments after transferring on nylon membrane, the desired DNA is detected using specific DNA probe that is complementary to the desired DNA. Basically, the DNA fragments are separated on the basis of size and charge during electrophoresis.This technique is based on the principle of separation of DNA fragments by gel electrophoresis and identified by labelled probe hybridization. Southern blotting is a hybridization technique for identification of particular size of DNA from the mixture of other similar molecules. Southern blotting is an example of RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism).